The fugitive slave laws were laws passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850 to provide for the return of slaves who escaped from one state into another state or territory.Part 1
People and terms:
Louisiana Purchase- was the acquisition by the United States of America of 828,800 square miles (2,147,000 km2) of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana in 1803. The U.S. paid 60 million francs ($11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000), for a total cost of 15 million dollars for the Louisiana territory ($217 million in today's currency).
Monroe Doctrine- is a United States policy that was introduced on December 2, 1823, which stated that further efforts by European countries to colonize land or interfere with states in the Americas would be viewed, by the United States of America, as acts of aggression requiring US intervention.
Industrial Revolution- was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spreading throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world.
QUESTIONS 1 - in 1789 what departments did Congress create? Department of State, Department of Treasury, and Department of War 2 - What Act did Congress pass to organize the judiciary? bill of rights 3 - When was the Bill of Rights ratified? 1791 4 - Who wanted to create a national bank? Alexander hamilton 5 - What was the first financial crisis the new nation faced? panic of 1819 6 - What was the significance of the Marbury v. Madison case? Judicial Review 7 - What did the election of 1800 show? showed that the executive branch could be won by a non-Federalist. 8 - How was the District of Columbia created? the congress promised the south they would move the capital to land in virginia and maryland. 9 - What is the difference between enumerated powers and implied powers? enumerated are powers stated in the constitution, implied are not stated in the constitution 10 - How many terms did Washington serve as President? 2 11 - What was one of Adams' most urgent challenges when he became President? Averting war with france 12 - What was the effect of the Treaty of Paris 1783? ended the revolutionary war. 13 - Briefly outline the War of 1812 - include major military engagements (you may need wikipediafor this) was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire.[nb 2] The Americans declared war in 1812 for a number of reasons, including trade restrictions, impressment of American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy, British support of American Indian tribes against American expansion, and the humiliation of American honor. 14 - What was the Tariff of 1816? was a mildly protectionist measure, raising the average rates to around 20 percent. 15 - what was McCulloch V. Maryland? and What was the result? In this case, the state of Maryland attempted to impede operation of a branch of the Second Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland. 16 - Use the chart above and copy the information into your wiki page for unit 2 mississippi, they had way more water then the south. 17 - What was the "border question" (Florida and Spain) who and what groups were involved, what was the result? It is significant that many members of these groups wereretired .... to channel tensions over theborder questioninto diplomatic dialogue. ... the return of the armed forces to their barracks 18 - What was the Monroe Doctrine? a principle of U.S. policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the U.S. 19 - What were the outcomes of the Adams-Onís Treaty and the Monroe Doctrine? while Washington surrendered its claims to Texas and agreed to assume payment of American financial claims against the Spanish up to $5 million. 20 - How did industrialization affect cities in the United States? The colonies had a wide range of industries. The most successful was shipbuilding. By the time the colonies declared their independence in 1776, about a third of Britain's ships were being built in America. Iron manufacturing was also a major industry, and a few American companies exported iron to Great Britain. 21 - How does the government of your community raise the money it needs to pay for community services? Taxes How does the government of the United States raise the money? taxes 22 - Name at least three key moments in the early 1800s when fed- eral authority clashed with state author- ity. What trend developed in the resolution of these disputes?
Part 2
Vocabulary
spoils system- is apractice where a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its voters as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party—as opposed to a system of awarding offices on the basis of some measure of merit independent of political activity.
caucus- is a meeting of supporters or members of apolitical party or movement. The exact definition varies among political cultures.
item- an individual article or unit, esp. one that is part of a list, collection, orset
secede- withdraw formally from membership in a federal union, an alliance, or a political or religious organization
nullification- make legally null and void; invalidate
temperance- abstinence from alcoholic
academic- of or relating to education and scholarship
abolition- the action or an act of abolishing a system, practice, or institution
emancipation- set free, esp. from legal, social, or political restrictions
People and Terms
Missouri Compromise- was an agreement passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress, involving primarily the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36°30' north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. Prior to the agreement, the House of Representatives had refused to accept this compromise and a conference committee was appointed.
Trail of Tears- was the forcible relocation and movement of Native Americans, including many members of the Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, and Choctaw nations among others in the United States, from their homelands to Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma) in the Western United States. The phrase originated from a description of the removal of the Choctaw Nation in 1831.
Whig- Whig (British political party), one of two political parties in England and the United Kingdom from the 17th to 19th centuries
Second Great Awakening- was a religious revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States, which expressed Arminian theology by which every person could be saved through revivals.
1 - Describe the Missouri Compromise: The Missouri Compromise was an attempt to maintain the balance of power between the North and South when Missouri petitioned for statehood. The Compromise allowed Missouri, a slave state, and Maine, a free state, in together thereby maintaining equality between the two sides. However, the Compromise went on to prohibit slavery in the rest of the Louisiana
2 - Who organized the Missouri Compromise?: Henry Clay
3 - What was the "corrupt bargain": When the 1824 election ended without any candidate receiving a majority in the electoral college, the House of Representatives awarded the election to John Quincy Adams.
4 - What was the political result of the "corrupt bargain"? Clay had secured votes for Adams in returen in a cabinet post
5 - How did a large number of people gain the right to vote in the 1800's? Many states lowered or got rid of property ownership as a voting requirement.
6 - Do you agree with the idea of a spoils system? Why or why not? I disagree, I believe that jobs should be based on qualifications and skills, not party affiliation.
7 - Why did South Carolina threaten to secede in 1828 and what was the crisis called? When congress levied a new tariff of abominations.
8 - How did President Jackson feel about the nullification problem and what did he do? He argued that because the states had crated the federal union.
9 - What effort did Jackson accelerate? Moving them out of the way of white settlers
10 - What was the Indian Removal Act? First major legislation that reversed the U.S. policy of respecting the rights of American Indians. The act granted tribes unsettled western prairie land in exchange for their territories within state borders, mainly in the Southeast.
12 - What did Jackson do the Second Bank of the United States? Jackson opposed the bank because they had become a monopoly, bribed and bought legislators throughout the country and were controlling the passage of laws and bills, using business to control what happened to the country, rather than allowing the citizens to determine what they wanted.
13 - What did the Whig political party want to do? They accomplished expanding the federal government
14 - What was the panic of 1837? Was a financial crisis in the United States built on a speculative fever.
15 - What happened to Harrison and who took his place?
16 - Name some of the groups and preachers of The Second Great Awakening: Methodist, Baptists,
17 - Answer the question in the "history through art" section above: It looks fun, and everyone else is there.
18 - Summarize issues in the Women's movement section above. A movement in support of women's rights, especially the mid-twentieth century movement in North America and Europe.
19 - Why did people object to the anti-slavery movement? Advocacy of the abolition of slavery.
20 - How did southerners describe the institution of slavery? There were mulitple reasons why the South could justify slavery.
Part 3
Vocabulary
Manifest Destiny: belief that the United States (often in the ethnically specific form of the "Anglo-Saxon race") was destined to expand across the North American continent.
annexation: incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity
popular sovereignty: the belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power.
secession: the act of withdrawing from an organization, union, or especially a political entity.
Underground Railroad: an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves in the United States to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists who were sympathetic to their cause.
adjacent: adjective meaning contiguous, adjoining or abutting
transcontinental railroad: a railroad network of trackage that crosses a continental land mass, with termini at different oceans or continental borders.
insurrection: A limited rebellion
prospect: the possibility of future success
Confederacy: an association of sovereign states or communities.
People and Terms
Bear Flag Republic: June 14, 1846. a revolt against Mexico proclaimed by California settlers. Declared during the Mexican–American War. The "republic" vanished and Ide enlisted in the U.S. forces as a private. The sole legacy of the "California Republic" was the adoption of its flag as the basis of the modern state Flag of California.
Wilmot Proviso:August 8, 1846. would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War first introduced the Proviso in the United States House of Representatives on August 8, 1846 as a rider on a $2 million appropriations bill. passed the House but failed in the Senate. Was not passed due to the souths greater representation.
Republican Party: 1854. formed by anti-slavery activists, modernizers, ex-Whigs and ex-Free Soilers. The first official party convention was held on July 6, 1854. dominated most northern states. opposed slave labor. one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.
Crittenden’s Compromise:(December 18, 1860) an unsuccessful proposal by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden to resolve the U.S. secession crisis. consisted of six proposed constitutional amendments and four proposed Congressional resolutions. guaranteed the permanent existence of slavery in the slave states. popular among Southern delegates in the Senate. Lincoln condemned the compromise as one that did not deal with the future of slavery in America.
Questions:
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson signed a treaty with Napoleon Bonaparte that ceded a giant swath of land to the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. This doubled the size of America, giving the country access to the very important trade route of the Mississippi River and the port city of New Orleans. The land included in the Louisiana Purchase would eventually become thirteen new states of the Union for just pennies an acre.
What was the Oklahoma Land Grab? (you will need wikipedia)
was the first land run into the Unassigned Lands and included all or part of the 2005 modern day Canadian, Cleveland, Kingfisher, Logan, Oklahoma, and Payne counties of the U.S. state of Oklahoma.[1] The land run started at high noon on April 22, 1889, with an estimated 50,000 people lined up for their piece of the available two million acres.
Define the East-West routes used by the 1840's
It was used by Democrats in the 1840s to justify the war with Mexico; the concept was denounced by Whigs, and fell into disuse after the mid 1850s.
What land did the United States obtain under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
Mexico
Describe the Battle of the Alamo and what did it eventually lead to
(February 23 – March 6, 1836) was a pivotal event in the Texas Revolution. Following a 13-day siege, Mexican troops under President General Antonio López de Santa Anna launched an assault on the Alamo Mission near San Antonio de Béxar (modern-day San Antonio, Texas). All but two of the Texian defenders were killed. Santa Anna's perceived cruelty during the battle inspired many Texians—both Texas settlers and adventurers from the United States—to join the Texian Army. Buoyed by a desire for revenge, the Texians defeated the Mexican Army at the Battle of San Jacinto, on April 21, 1836, ending the revolution.
Polk promised to add which two states?
California, Oregon
Describe how the war with Mexico began
The war between Mexico and the United States had its beginnings with the struggle over who would control Texas. American settlers began moving to the Texas territory in the 19th Century, after the Revolutionary War had been won and the exploration of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains had begun. The Louisiana Purchase had stretched the western boundaries of the United States farther west than they had ever been. After the success of Lewis and Clark, more and more Americans explored and settled in the Louisiana Territory. And right next to Louisiana was Texas. Texas was big land, rich with resources and possibilities. It was also largely part of Mexico. As more and more Americans moved to the Texas territory, the cry grew for Texas to be part of the U.S. This began to happen in 1835, when Texas declared itself independent from Mexico. The Texas Republic was born, and its first president was Sam Houston. The secretary of state of this new republic was Stephen F. Austin, who had been a pioneer in helping settle the Texas territory.
Where did the idea of Manifest Destiny come from? (You will need wikipedia)
Democrats
What treaty ended the war with Mexico and what were the terms or the treaty?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The treaty provided for the Mexican Cession of 525,000 square miles to the United States in exchange for 15 million dollars. From the viewpoint of some in Mexico, this Treaty also ceded an additional 389,166 square miles, since Mexico had never officially recognized either the independence of the Republic of Texas (1836) or its annexation by the United States (1845), and under this calculation, Mexico lost about 55% of its prewar territory.
What did Senator John C. Calhoun of South Carolina argue about slaves in the territories?
What were the beliefs for the "free soil" party
Its main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories, arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery.
What triggered the California gold rush?
But it wasn't until gold was discovered at Sutter's mill that the Gold Rush began.
What was the compromise proposed by Henry Clay
Compromise of 1850 was an intricate package of five bills, passed in September 1859, defusing a four year confrontation between the slave states of the South and the free states of the North that arose following the Mexican-American War in 1846-1848
Describe the Fugitive slave act and how was it used?
Declared that all runaway slaves be brought back to their masters, to give a reason to hunt any African-American.
Why was the route of the transcontinental railroad so important
To promote growth in the territories the route.
Why did the Compromise of 1850 not succeed in ending sectional division?
The Compromise was greeted with relief, although each side disliked specific provisions. These provisions ultimately led to its failure.
Describe how Kansas became "Bleeding Kansas?" What was the Kansas Nebraska Act?
After a series of violent events, involving anti-slavery Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements, that took place in the Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S state of Missouri roughly between 1854 and 1858. At the hear of the conflict was the question of whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free state or slave state. As such, Bleeding Kansas was a proxy war between Northern and Southerners over the issue of slavery in the Unites States. The term "Bleeding Kansas" was coined by Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune; the events it encompasses directly presaged the American Civil War.
1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries.
Who were the "know nothings"
The Know-Nothings were members of a U.S. political movement during the mid-1800s: Americans who feared the foreign influence of immigrants (there was an influx of new arrivals in the 1840s) banded together, sometimes in secret societies, in order to uphold what they believed to be the American view. When people who were thought to be members of these groups were asked about their views and activities, the typical response was, "I don't know," which gave the movement its name.
Describe the Dred Scott Court case and what were the results and the effects
A ruling by the U.S Supreme Court that people of African descent imported into the United States and held as slaves (or their descendants, whether or not they were slaves) were not protected by the constitution and could never be U.S citizens. The court also held that the U.S Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories and that, because slaves were not citizens, they could not sue in court. Lastly, the Court ruled that slaves, as chattels or private property, could not be taken away from their owners without due process.
Why did Southern Democrats walk out of the Democratic Convention?
Over a platform dispute, led by William Lowndes Yancey.
Part 4
Vocabulary
martial law-military government involving the suspension of ordinary law.
greenback-a dollar bill; a dollar
conscription-compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces.
habeas corpus-a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, esp. to secure the person's release unless lawful grounds areshown for their detention.
attrition-the action or process of gradually reducing the strength oreffectiveness of someone or something through sustained attack or pressure
siege-a military operation in which enemy forces surround a town orbuilding, cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling thesurrender of those inside
conceive-become pregnant with a child
subordinate-lower in rank or position
mandate- an official order or commission to do something
People and terms
Part 5
Vocabulary
Reconstruction- the action or process of reconstructing or being reconstructed
amnesty- an official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offenses
pocket veto- an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor byretaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.
freedman- an emancipated slave
black codes- were laws passed on the state and local level in the United States to limit the basic human rights and civil liberties of blacks.
impeach- call into question the integrity or validity of (a practice)
infrastructure- the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
tenant farmer- a person who farms rented land
sharecropper- a tenant farmer who gives a part of each crop as rent
circumstance- a fact or condition connected with or relevant to an event or action
People and Terms
Questions 1 - Who looked forward to a Union victory? The whole north 2 - Describe Lincoln's plan for reuniting the country.defeating them in a war and help rebuild them so they can trust the north again 3 - What effect would the abolition of slavery have on southern representation in congress? Explain they would not have as many worker to pick the cotton 4 - What was the "wade-davis bill?" was a program proposed for the Reconstruction of the South written by two Radical Republicans, Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio and Representative Henry Winter Davis of Maryland. In contrast to PresidentAbraham Lincoln's more lenient Ten Percent Plan. 5 - How did Lincoln deal with the Wade-Davis Bill? he agreed and fallowed the bill until it passed 6 - What were the events that lead to the assassination of Lincoln? (Use wikipedia) The war ended slavery was being abolished the south was starting to be rebuilt 7 - How did Johnson react to the 14th amendment? What were the results? 8 - What order was given to the military commanders during reconstruction
9 - How many years after the war was the last Southern state readmitted to the Union? Georgia was the last state to rejoin the Union on July 15, 1870, a little over five years after the civil war ended. 10 - Why was Johnson impeached? violated tenure of office act. 11 - Define who were the Carpetbaggers and Scalawags? Carpetbaggers was a dirty name for Northerners, Scalawags were southerners who wanted the reconstruction of the south. 12 - Describe the creation of Republican governments in the south. people got to gather to debate and became republicans 13 - O.O. Howard, head of the Freedmen’s Bureau, is pictured here (far right) with the students of a Freedmen’s school. Why do you think these schools were so successful? They were school for black kids who wanted to learn 14 - What was one of the largest "secret societies" to rise in the south? How did congress respond the their activities? kkk was the largest in the south. 15 -What were some of the scandals that faced the Grant administrations? south people tried to start up the rebellion again. 16 - How did Democrats regain strength in the south? because they still had money and power and connections in the north. 17 - What values and policies do you associate with today’s Republican and Democratic Parties? (use the internet to research each party's platform) 18 - Describe the rise of the "New South" The north built new cities and rebuilt old ones that's why we had high powered south cities like Atlanta 19 - If you disagree with a political decision, how can you change it? Start a group of people that don't agree with it and take it to court. 20 - What major issue was settled by the Compromise of 1877? The presidential election of 1876.
People and terms:
Louisiana Purchase- was the acquisition by the United States of America of 828,800 square miles (2,147,000 km2) of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana in 1803. The U.S. paid 60 million francs ($11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000), for a total cost of 15 million dollars for the Louisiana territory ($217 million in today's currency).
Monroe Doctrine- is a United States policy that was introduced on December 2, 1823, which stated that further efforts by European countries to colonize land or interfere with states in the Americas would be viewed, by the United States of America, as acts of aggression requiring US intervention.
Industrial Revolution- was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spreading throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world.
QUESTIONS
1 - in 1789 what departments did Congress create? Department of State, Department of Treasury, and Department of War
2 - What Act did Congress pass to organize the judiciary? bill of rights
3 - When was the Bill of Rights ratified? 1791
4 - Who wanted to create a national bank? Alexander hamilton
5 - What was the first financial crisis the new nation faced? panic of 1819
6 - What was the significance of the Marbury v. Madison case? Judicial Review
7 - What did the election of 1800 show? showed that the executive branch could be won by a non-Federalist.
8 - How was the District of Columbia created? the congress promised the south they would move the capital to land in virginia and maryland.
9 - What is the difference between enumerated powers and implied powers? enumerated are powers stated in the constitution, implied are not stated in the constitution
10 - How many terms did Washington serve as President? 2
11 - What was one of Adams' most urgent challenges when he became President? Averting war with france
12 - What was the effect of the Treaty of Paris 1783? ended the revolutionary war.
13 - Briefly outline the War of 1812 - include major military engagements (you may need wikipediafor this) was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire.[nb 2] The Americans declared war in 1812 for a number of reasons, including trade restrictions, impressment of American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy, British support of American Indian tribes against American expansion, and the humiliation of American honor.
14 - What was the Tariff of 1816? was a mildly protectionist measure, raising the average rates to around 20 percent.
15 - what was McCulloch V. Maryland? and What was the result? In this case, the state of Maryland attempted to impede operation of a branch of the Second Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland.
16 - Use the chart above and copy the information into your wiki page for unit 2
17 - What was the "border question" (Florida and Spain) who and what groups were involved, what was the result? It is significant that many members of these groups were retired .... to channel tensions over the border question into diplomatic dialogue. ... the return of the armed forces to their barracks
18 - What was the Monroe Doctrine? a principle of U.S. policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the U.S.
19 - What were the outcomes of the Adams-Onís Treaty and the Monroe Doctrine? while Washington surrendered its claims to Texas and agreed to assume payment of American financial claims against the Spanish up to $5 million.
20 - How did industrialization affect cities in the United States? The colonies had a wide range of industries. The most successful was shipbuilding. By the time the colonies declared their independence in 1776, about a third of Britain's ships were being built in America. Iron manufacturing was also a major industry, and a few American companies exported iron to Great Britain.
21 - How does the government of your community raise the money it needs to pay for community services? Taxes How does the government of the United States raise the money? taxes
22 - Name at least three key moments in the early 1800s when fed- eral authority clashed with state author- ity. What trend developed in the resolution of these disputes?
Part 2
Vocabulary
spoils system- is apractice where a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its voters as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party—as opposed to a system of awarding offices on the basis of some measure of merit independent of political activity.
caucus- is a meeting of supporters or members of apolitical party or movement. The exact definition varies among political cultures.
item- an individual article or unit, esp. one that is part of a list, collection, orset
secede- withdraw formally from membership in a federal union, an alliance, or a political or religious organization
nullification- make legally null and void; invalidate
temperance- abstinence from alcoholic
academic- of or relating to education and scholarship
abolition- the action or an act of abolishing a system, practice, or institution
emancipation- set free, esp. from legal, social, or political restrictions
People and Terms
Missouri Compromise- was an agreement passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress, involving primarily the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36°30' north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. Prior to the agreement, the House of Representatives had refused to accept this compromise and a conference committee was appointed.
Trail of Tears- was the forcible relocation and movement of Native Americans, including many members of the Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, and Choctaw nations among others in the United States, from their homelands to Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma) in the Western United States. The phrase originated from a description of the removal of the Choctaw Nation in 1831.
Whig- Whig (British political party), one of two political parties in England and the United Kingdom from the 17th to 19th centuries
Second Great Awakening- was a religious revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States, which expressed Arminian theology by which every person could be saved through revivals.
1 - Describe the Missouri Compromise: The Missouri Compromise was an attempt to maintain the balance of power between the North and South when Missouri petitioned for statehood. The Compromise allowed Missouri, a slave state, and Maine, a free state, in together thereby maintaining equality between the two sides. However, the Compromise went on to prohibit slavery in the rest of the Louisiana
2 - Who organized the Missouri Compromise?: Henry Clay
3 - What was the "corrupt bargain": When the 1824 election ended without any candidate receiving a majority in the electoral college, the House of Representatives awarded the election to John Quincy Adams.
4 - What was the political result of the "corrupt bargain"? Clay had secured votes for Adams in returen in a cabinet post
5 - How did a large number of people gain the right to vote in the 1800's? Many states lowered or got rid of property ownership as a voting requirement.
6 - Do you agree with the idea of a spoils system? Why or why not? I disagree, I believe that jobs should be based on qualifications and skills, not party affiliation.
7 - Why did South Carolina threaten to secede in 1828 and what was the crisis called? When congress levied a new tariff of abominations.
8 - How did President Jackson feel about the nullification problem and what did he do? He argued that because the states had crated the federal union.
9 - What effort did Jackson accelerate? Moving them out of the way of white settlers
10 - What was the Indian Removal Act? First major legislation that reversed the U.S. policy of respecting the rights of American Indians. The act granted tribes unsettled western prairie land in exchange for their territories within state borders, mainly in the Southeast.
12 - What did Jackson do the Second Bank of the United States? Jackson opposed the bank because they had become a monopoly, bribed and bought legislators throughout the country and were controlling the passage of laws and bills, using business to control what happened to the country, rather than allowing the citizens to determine what they wanted.
13 - What did the Whig political party want to do? They accomplished expanding the federal government
14 - What was the panic of 1837? Was a financial crisis in the United States built on a speculative fever.
15 - What happened to Harrison and who took his place?
16 - Name some of the groups and preachers of The Second Great Awakening: Methodist, Baptists,
17 - Answer the question in the "history through art" section above: It looks fun, and everyone else is there.
18 - Summarize issues in the Women's movement section above. A movement in support of women's rights, especially the mid-twentieth century movement in North America and Europe.
19 - Why did people object to the anti-slavery movement? Advocacy of the abolition of slavery.
20 - How did southerners describe the institution of slavery? There were mulitple reasons why the South could justify slavery.
Part 3
Vocabulary
Manifest Destiny: belief that the United States (often in the ethnically specific form of the "Anglo-Saxon race") was destined to expand across the North American continent.
annexation: incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity
popular sovereignty: the belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power.
secession: the act of withdrawing from an organization, union, or especially a political entity.
Underground Railroad: an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves in the United States to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists who were sympathetic to their cause.
adjacent: adjective meaning contiguous, adjoining or abutting
transcontinental railroad: a railroad network of trackage that crosses a continental land mass, with termini at different oceans or continental borders.
insurrection: A limited rebellion
prospect: the possibility of future success
Confederacy: an association of sovereign states or communities.
People and Terms
Bear Flag Republic: June 14, 1846. a revolt against Mexico proclaimed by California settlers. Declared during the Mexican–American War. The "republic" vanished and Ide enlisted in the U.S. forces as a private. The sole legacy of the "California Republic" was the adoption of its flag as the basis of the modern state Flag of California.
Wilmot Proviso:August 8, 1846. would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War first introduced the Proviso in the United States House of Representatives on August 8, 1846 as a rider on a $2 million appropriations bill. passed the House but failed in the Senate. Was not passed due to the souths greater representation.
Republican Party: 1854. formed by anti-slavery activists, modernizers, ex-Whigs and ex-Free Soilers. The first official party convention was held on July 6, 1854. dominated most northern states. opposed slave labor. one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.
Crittenden’s Compromise:(December 18, 1860) an unsuccessful proposal by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden to resolve the U.S. secession crisis. consisted of six proposed constitutional amendments and four proposed Congressional resolutions. guaranteed the permanent existence of slavery in the slave states. popular among Southern delegates in the Senate. Lincoln condemned the compromise as one that did not deal with the future of slavery in America.
Questions:
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson signed a treaty with Napoleon Bonaparte that ceded a giant swath of land to the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. This doubled the size of America, giving the country access to the very important trade route of the Mississippi River and the port city of New Orleans. The land included in the Louisiana Purchase would eventually become thirteen new states of the Union for just pennies an acre.What was the Oklahoma Land Grab? (you will need wikipedia)
was the first land run into the Unassigned Lands and included all or part of the 2005 modern day Canadian, Cleveland, Kingfisher, Logan, Oklahoma, and Payne counties of the U.S. state of Oklahoma.[1] The land run started at high noon on April 22, 1889, with an estimated 50,000 people lined up for their piece of the available two million acres.Define the East-West routes used by the 1840's
It was used by Democrats in the 1840s to justify the war with Mexico; the concept was denounced by Whigs, and fell into disuse after the mid 1850s.
What land did the United States obtain under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
Mexico
Describe the Battle of the Alamo and what did it eventually lead to
(February 23 – March 6, 1836) was a pivotal event in the Texas Revolution. Following a 13-day siege, Mexican troops under President General Antonio López de Santa Anna launched an assault on the Alamo Mission near San Antonio de Béxar (modern-day San Antonio, Texas). All but two of the Texian defenders were killed. Santa Anna's perceived cruelty during the battle inspired many Texians—both Texas settlers and adventurers from the United States—to join the Texian Army. Buoyed by a desire for revenge, the Texians defeated the Mexican Army at the Battle of San Jacinto, on April 21, 1836, ending the revolution.
Polk promised to add which two states?
California, Oregon
Describe how the war with Mexico began
The war between Mexico and the United States had its beginnings with the struggle over who would control Texas. American settlers began moving to the Texas territory in the 19th Century, after the Revolutionary War had been won and the exploration of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains had begun. The Louisiana Purchase had stretched the western boundaries of the United States farther west than they had ever been. After the success of Lewis and Clark, more and more Americans explored and settled in the Louisiana Territory. And right next to Louisiana was Texas. Texas was big land, rich with resources and possibilities. It was also largely part of Mexico. As more and more Americans moved to the Texas territory, the cry grew for Texas to be part of the U.S. This began to happen in 1835, when Texas declared itself independent from Mexico. The Texas Republic was born, and its first president was Sam Houston. The secretary of state of this new republic was Stephen F. Austin, who had been a pioneer in helping settle the Texas territory.
Where did the idea of Manifest Destiny come from? (You will need wikipedia)
Democrats
What treaty ended the war with Mexico and what were the terms or the treaty?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The treaty provided for the Mexican Cession of 525,000 square miles to the United States in exchange for 15 million dollars. From the viewpoint of some in Mexico, this Treaty also ceded an additional 389,166 square miles, since Mexico had never officially recognized either the independence of the Republic of Texas (1836) or its annexation by the United States (1845), and under this calculation, Mexico lost about 55% of its prewar territory.What did Senator John C. Calhoun of South Carolina argue about slaves in the territories?
What were the beliefs for the "free soil" party
Its main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories, arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery.
What triggered the California gold rush?
But it wasn't until gold was discovered at Sutter's mill that the Gold Rush began.
What was the compromise proposed by Henry Clay
Compromise of 1850 was an intricate package of five bills, passed in September 1859, defusing a four year confrontation between the slave states of the South and the free states of the North that arose following the Mexican-American War in 1846-1848
Describe the Fugitive slave act and how was it used?
Declared that all runaway slaves be brought back to their masters, to give a reason to hunt any African-American.
Why was the route of the transcontinental railroad so important
To promote growth in the territories the route.
Why did the Compromise of 1850 not succeed in ending sectional division?
The Compromise was greeted with relief, although each side disliked specific provisions. These provisions ultimately led to its failure.Describe how Kansas became "Bleeding Kansas?" What was the Kansas Nebraska Act?
After a series of violent events, involving anti-slavery Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements, that took place in the Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S state of Missouri roughly between 1854 and 1858. At the hear of the conflict was the question of whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free state or slave state. As such, Bleeding Kansas was a proxy war between Northern and Southerners over the issue of slavery in the Unites States. The term "Bleeding Kansas" was coined by Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune; the events it encompasses directly presaged the American Civil War.
1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries.
Who were the "know nothings"
The Know-Nothings were members of a U.S. political movement during the mid-1800s: Americans who feared the foreign influence of immigrants (there was an influx of new arrivals in the 1840s) banded together, sometimes in secret societies, in order to uphold what they believed to be the American view. When people who were thought to be members of these groups were asked about their views and activities, the typical response was, "I don't know," which gave the movement its name.Describe the Dred Scott Court case and what were the results and the effects
A ruling by the U.S Supreme Court that people of African descent imported into the United States and held as slaves (or their descendants, whether or not they were slaves) were not protected by the constitution and could never be U.S citizens. The court also held that the U.S Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories and that, because slaves were not citizens, they could not sue in court. Lastly, the Court ruled that slaves, as chattels or private property, could not be taken away from their owners without due process.
Why did Southern Democrats walk out of the Democratic Convention?
Over a platform dispute, led by William Lowndes Yancey.Part 4
Vocabulary
martial law- military government involving the suspension of ordinary law.
greenback- a dollar bill; a dollar
conscription- compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces.
habeas corpus- a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, esp. to secure the person's release unless lawful grounds areshown for their detention.
attrition- the action or process of gradually reducing the strength oreffectiveness of someone or something through sustained attack or pressure
siege- a military operation in which enemy forces surround a town orbuilding, cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling thesurrender of those inside
conceive- become pregnant with a child
subordinate- lower in rank or position
mandate- an official order or commission to do something
People and terms
Part 5
Vocabulary
Reconstruction- the action or process of reconstructing or being reconstructed
amnesty- an official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offenses
pocket veto- an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor byretaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.
freedman- an emancipated slave
black codes- were laws passed on the state and local level in the United States to limit the basic human rights and civil liberties of blacks.
impeach- call into question the integrity or validity of (a practice)
infrastructure- the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
tenant farmer- a person who farms rented land
sharecropper- a tenant farmer who gives a part of each crop as rent
circumstance- a fact or condition connected with or relevant to an event or action
People and Terms
Questions
1 - Who looked forward to a Union victory? The whole north
2 - Describe Lincoln's plan for reuniting the country.defeating them in a war and help rebuild them so they can trust the north again
3 - What effect would the abolition of slavery have on southern representation in congress? Explain they would not have as many worker to pick the cotton
4 - What was the "wade-davis bill?" was a program proposed for the Reconstruction of the South written by two Radical Republicans, Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio and Representative Henry Winter Davis of Maryland. In contrast to PresidentAbraham Lincoln's more lenient Ten Percent Plan.
5 - How did Lincoln deal with the Wade-Davis Bill? he agreed and fallowed the bill until it passed
6 - What were the events that lead to the assassination of Lincoln? (Use wikipedia) The war ended slavery was being abolished the south was starting to be rebuilt
7 - How did Johnson react to the 14th amendment? What were the results?
8 - What order was given to the military commanders during reconstruction
9 - How many years after the war was the last Southern state readmitted to the Union? Georgia was the last state to rejoin the Union on July 15, 1870, a little over five years after the civil war ended.
10 - Why was Johnson impeached? violated tenure of office act.
11 - Define who were the Carpetbaggers and Scalawags? Carpetbaggers was a dirty name for Northerners, Scalawags were southerners who wanted the reconstruction of the south.
12 - Describe the creation of Republican governments in the south. people got to gather to debate and became republicans
13 - O.O. Howard, head of the Freedmen’s Bureau, is pictured here (far right) with the students of a Freedmen’s school. Why do you think these schools were so successful? They were school for black kids who wanted to learn
14 - What was one of the largest "secret societies" to rise in the south? How did congress respond the their activities? kkk was the largest in the south.
15 - What were some of the scandals that faced the Grant administrations? south people tried to start up the rebellion again.
16 - How did Democrats regain strength in the south? because they still had money and power and connections in the north.
17 - What values and policies do you associate with today’s Republican and Democratic Parties? (use the internet to research each party's platform)
18 - Describe the rise of the "New South" The north built new cities and rebuilt old ones that's why we had high powered south cities like Atlanta
19 - If you disagree with a political decision, how can you change it? Start a group of people that don't agree with it and take it to court.
20 - What major issue was settled by the Compromise of 1877? The presidential election of 1876.